Apple Microarchitecture Research by Dougall Johnson

M1/A14 P-core (Firestorm): Overview | Base Instructions | SIMD and FP Instructions
M1/A14 E-core (Icestorm):  Overview | Base Instructions | SIMD and FP Instructions

LD1 (multiple, 4 regs, 4H)

Test 1: uops

Code:

  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h, v2.4h, v3.4h }, [x6]
  nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop
  mov x0, 1
  mov x1, 2
  mov x8, 0

(no loop instructions)

1000 unrolls and 1 iteration

Retires (minus 60 nops): 4.000

Issues: 2.000

Integer unit issues: 0.000

Load/store unit issues: 2.000

SIMD/FP unit issues: 0.000

retire uop (01)cycle (02)03l1d tlb fill (05)mmu table walk instruction (07)mmu table walk data (08)l2 tlb miss instruction (0a)l2 tlb miss data (0b)0e0f18191e223a3f464951schedule uop (52)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch ldst uop (58)simd uops in schedulers (5a)5f6061696d6emap rewind (75)map stall (76)dispatch uop (78)map ldst uop (7d)map ldst uop inputs (80)8283flush restart other nonspec (84)85inst all (8c)inst simd load (98)inst ldst (9b)9dl1d tlb access (a0)l1d tlb miss (a1)l1d cache miss ld (a3)ld unit uop (a6)st unit uop (a7)l1d cache writeback (a8)a9acafb5bbl1d cache miss ld nonspec (bf)l1d tlb miss nonspec (c1)c2cfd0d2l1i cache miss demand (d3)l1i tlb miss demand (d4)d5map dispatch bubble (d6)d9dadbddfetch restart (de)e0eaebec? ldst retires (ed)? simd retires (ee)f5f6f7f8fd
64005289582151191180100044149172817600234302000200020001000040016256282762870231020004000200028591286921161001100010000200240200201122000626211371810169700232691245198563334381644423928208150541243313974200020002878128496285802848828719
64004286942151161180000010150002815102234932000200020001000050016334283642888231020004000200028628285991161001100010001200336200400022002646211368310188719632871136195073369381639333128289146591263014078200020002873528592284942860528763
6400428656215112019100008049952842300236452000200020001000070016405281242857531020004000200028705284721161001100010000200450200400022004620221349810128713733661038196253414381341363228204144761226214133200020002877528788286492887128769
640042882921511911710000804967283902023370200020002000100016001641628367286933102000400020002871528600116100110001000020044620040022200042621138381020070613391939197073202381442393528284148281271613942200020002885928735287152844628731
6400528742215116117100003150942839000236092000200020001000050016429284062891331020004000200028552285061161001100010000200320200200222000040211402010076710633381039197043393381543403428155149441269413880200020002874528636286562856428673
640042875621411401400000304939283470023501200020002000100003091642128396288963102000400020002846228512116100110001000020043020070022200062022139029945711133601240196893417381541403528125147951267114029200020002879228646287082869428636
64004286902141101141000010148992841700236072000200020001000050016263284132865131020004000200028437285301161001100010000200336200200222000446211375810159706833391034198643342381340443228225147371289514080200020002861128448283642865528674
640042871121511411310000804950281560023319200020002000100004001641428252285353102000400020002839428597116100110001000020033020030022200042622137521016171133305740195813404381443323728201152961292914131200020002883228619285402875228824
640042859421511411410000605055282590023561200020002000100004001640528265286773102000400020002850728507116100110001000020044020040022200002620138421015871473330738196703327381048424128101144561243014145200020002869428517287162843828670
6400428723215112017111002050392828500234512000200020001000000016411282772860431020004000200028629286501161001100010000200336200301142000426211354610044705833971144196733294381441373528301152131285014345200020002871628700284752857928801

Test 2: throughput

Count: 8

Code:

  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h, v2.4h, v3.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h, v2.4h, v3.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h, v2.4h, v3.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h, v2.4h, v3.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h, v2.4h, v3.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h, v2.4h, v3.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h, v2.4h, v3.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h, v2.4h, v3.4h }, [x6]
  mov x7, x6
  mov x8, x6
  mov x9, x6
  mov x10, x6
  mov x11, x6
  mov x12, x6
  mov x13, x6

(fused SUBS/B.cc loop)

100 unrolls and 100 iterations

Result (median cycles for code divided by count): 1.0005

retire uop (01)cycle (02)03l1d tlb fill (05)mmu table walk data (08)09l2 tlb miss data (0b)0e0f1e22233a3f4346494f51schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)60696d6emap stall dispatch (70)map rewind (75)map stall (76)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)8283flush restart other nonspec (84)85inst all (8c)inst branch (8d)inst branch taken (90)inst branch cond (94)inst int alu (97)inst simd load (98)inst ldst (9b)9d9fl1d tlb access (a0)l1d tlb miss (a1)l1d cache miss ld (a3)ld unit uop (a6)l1d cache writeback (a8)a9acafb5b6bbl1d cache miss ld nonspec (bf)l1d tlb miss nonspec (c1)c2branch cond mispred nonspec (c5)branch mispred nonspec (cb)cdcfd5map dispatch bubble (d6)ddfetch restart (de)e0eaebec? ldst retires (ed)? simd retires (ee)? int retires (ef)f5f6f7f8fd
32020580067599111101580028002625532716011210016001210016001650080146308002280041800410612160116200320032200160016800428004111802011009910010080000800001100160019134316005602511600436113431311115116016008003913051600001600001008004280042800428004280042
320204800415991100116100280028255328160112100160012100160016500801448080022800418004106121601162003200322001600168004280041218020110099100100800008000001001600181443160018001316004361514313011151170160080038131351600001600001008004280042800428004280042
320204800415991001001210280027055027160112100160012100160016500800124080022800418004106121601162003200322001600168004180041118020110099100100800008000001001600181343160057005516004301524313011151170160080038131301600001600001008004380042800428004280042
3202048004159910110018002800262550271601121001600121001600165008001370800228004180041071216011620032003220016009080041800421180201100991001008000080000010016001712016005700521600436113013111151160160080038131351600001600001008004280042800428004380042
320204800415991011115800280026205327160100100160000100160000500800042080015800408004003221601002003200002001600008004080040118020110099100100800008000011001600141401600533152160000615201310005109117118003701351600001600001008004180041800418004180041
320204800405991000015710280025255325160100100160000100160000500801382080015800408004003351601002003200002001600008004080040118020110099100100800008000001001600131401600140251160000005243130000510911711800370051600001600001008004180041800418004180041
320204800406001110015700280090050025160100100160000100160000500801386080015800408004003221601002003200002001600008004080040118020110099100100800008000001001600121443160051105116000000124313000051091171180037131301600001600001008004180041800418004180041
3202048004059910101113000800252550251601001001600001001600005008013770800158004080040032216010020032000020016000080040800401180201100991001008000080000010016001314431600540013160039001301320005109117118003701351600001600001008004180041800418004180041
3202048004060011111172010280025250025160100100160000100160000500800043080015800408004023221601002003200002001600008004080040118020110099100100800008000001001600121401600520013160000001301310005109117118003701351600001600001008004180041800418004180041
320204800405991111005800280025255325160100100160000100160000500800048080015800408004003221601002003200002001600008004080040118020110099100100800008000001001600141343160052005216000001524312000051091171180037131301600001600001008004180041800418004180041

1000 unrolls and 10 iterations

Result (median cycles for code divided by count): 1.0005

retire uop (01)cycle (02)03mmu table walk data (08)09l2 tlb miss data (0b)0e0f181e1f22233a3f4346494f51schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)5f60696d6emap stall dispatch (70)map rewind (75)map stall (76)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)8283flush restart other nonspec (84)85inst all (8c)inst branch (8d)inst branch taken (90)inst branch cond (94)inst int alu (97)inst simd load (98)inst ldst (9b)9d9fl1d tlb access (a0)l1d cache miss ld (a3)ld unit uop (a6)st unit uop (a7)l1d cache writeback (a8)acafb5b6bbl1d cache miss ld nonspec (bf)c2branch mispred nonspec (cb)cdcfd5map dispatch bubble (d6)ddfetch restart (de)e0e7eaebec? ldst retires (ed)? simd retires (ee)? int retires (ef)f5f6f7f8fd
320025800546000001004201028002521212025160010101600001016000050800853418001580040800400322160010203200002016000080040801021180021109101080000800000101600003516003600361600006132400005019417238003701402160000160000108004180041800418004180041
32002480040600000000420102800252121202516001010160000101600005080085341800158004080040032216001020320000201600008004080040118002110910108000080000010160000401600000036160036610350005019417448003701002160000160000108004180041800418004180041
3200248004059900010042000280025012002516001010160000101600005080037581800158004080040032216001020320000201600008004080040118002110910108000080000010160000016000000361600000132000050194174380037014102160000160000108004180041800418004180041
320024800405990001104201028002520002516001010160000101600005080037481800158004080040032216001020320000201600008004080040118002110910108000080000010160000016003601016003601323500050194174380037014140160000160000108004180041800418004180041
320024800405990000003801028002521212025160010101600001016000050800377708001580040800400322160010203200002016000080040800401180021109101080000800000101600003516003600361600006104000050194173480037010142160000160000108004180041800418004180041
32002480040599000000000028002521212025160010101600001016000050800000718001580040800400322160010203200002016000080040800401180021109101080000800000101600003516000000321600320104000050194174480037014102160000160000108004180041800418004180041
320024800406000001103801008002521212025160010101600001016000050800000818001580040800400322160010203200002016000080040800401180021109101080000800000101600003516003600361600000104000050193174480037014140160000160000108004180041800418004180041
320024800405990000004200028002501212025160010101600001016000050800374718001580040800400322160010203200002016000080040800401180021109101080000800000101600003516000000391600326004000050193174480037014142160000160000108004180041800418004180041
32002480040599000000380000800252121202516001010160000101600005080037471800158004080040032216001020320000201600008004080040118002110910108000080000010160000351600320001600320136400005019417448003711402160000160000108004180041800418004180041
3200248004059900001042000280025201202516008610160000101600005080037281800158011780040032216001020320000201600008004080040118002110910108000080000110160000016003601361600000136400005019417348003700100160000160000108004180041800418004180041