Apple Microarchitecture Research by Dougall Johnson

M1/A14 P-core (Firestorm): Overview | Base Instructions | SIMD and FP Instructions
M1/A14 E-core (Icestorm):  Overview | Base Instructions | SIMD and FP Instructions

LD1 (multiple, 2 regs, 4H)

Test 1: uops

Code:

  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop ; nop
  mov x0, 1
  mov x1, 2
  mov x8, 0

(no loop instructions)

1000 unrolls and 1 iteration

Retires (minus 60 nops): 2.000

Issues: 2.000

Integer unit issues: 0.001

Load/store unit issues: 2.000

SIMD/FP unit issues: 0.000

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch ldst uop (58)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map ldst uop (7d)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)
62005298082003120022000600220002000200012000
62004294452001120002000600020002000200012000
62004296072001120002000600020002000200012000
62004296092001120002000600020002000200012000
62004295812001120002000600020002000200012000
62004295292001120002000600020002000200612000
62004295122001120002000600020002000200012000
62004294282001120002000600020002000200012000
62004296042001120002000600020002000200012000
62004294032001120002000600020002000200012000

Test 2: Latency 1->3 roundtrip

Chain cycles: 3

Code:

  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  fmov x0, d0
  eor x8, x8, x0
  eor x8, x8, x0
  add x6, x6, x8
  mov x0, 1
  mov x1, 2
  mov x8, 0

(fused SUBS/B.cc loop)

100 unrolls and 100 iterations

Result (median cycles for code, minus 3 chain cycles): 7.0049

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule simd uop (54)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch simd uop (57)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)ldst uops in schedulers (5b)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map simd uop (7e)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)map simd uop inputs (81)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
602051001537010940101100062000230130100152000426691931779374104851060110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000497010340101100022000030103100032000426692331779436104857060110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000497010340101100022000030103100032000426692331779436104857060110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000497010340101100022000030103100032000426692331779436104857060110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602051001407011440108100042000230134100142000426692331779436104857060110302122000810004602862002810015400082000040100
602041000497010340101100022000030103100032000426692331779436104857060110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000497010340101100022000030103100032000426692331779436104857060110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000497010340101100022000030103100032000426692331779436104857060110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000497010340101100022000030103100032000426692331779436104857060110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000497010340101100022000030103100032000426692331779436104857060110302122000810004602902002810015400082000040100

1000 unrolls and 10 iterations

Result (median cycles for code, minus 3 chain cycles): 7.0042

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule simd uop (54)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch simd uop (57)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)ldst uops in schedulers (5b)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map simd uop (7e)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)map simd uop inputs (81)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? simd retires (ee)? int retires (ef)
6002510015170019400111000620002300401001520000266925117793181049443600103002020000100006002020000100004000120000040010
6002410004270012400111000120000300101000020024266949117795381049586600823006120028100156002020000100004000120000040010
6002410004270012400111000120000300101000020000267127417807061050314600103002020000100006002020000100004000120000040010
6002410004670012400111000120000300101000020000266911417792661049434600103002020000100006002020000100004000120000040010
6002510007570023400181000320002300441001420000266989717797881049753600103002020000100006002020000100004000120000040010
6002410004470012400111000120000300101000020000266922217793381049478600103002020000100006002020000100004000120000040010
6002410004270012400111000120000300101000020000266911417792661049434600103002020000100006002020000100004000120000040010
6002510007570023400181000320002300441001420000266911417792661049434600103002020000100006002020000100004000120000040010
6002410004270012400111000120000300101000020000266911417792661049434600103002020000100006002020000100004000120000040010
6002410004270012400111000120000300101000020000266911417792661049434600103002020000100006002020000100004000120000040010

Test 3: Latency 2->3 roundtrip

Chain cycles: 3

Code:

  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  fmov x1, d1
  eor x8, x8, x1
  eor x8, x8, x1
  add x6, x6, x8
  mov x0, 1
  mov x1, 2
  mov x8, 0

(fused SUBS/B.cc loop)

100 unrolls and 100 iterations

Result (median cycles for code, minus 3 chain cycles): 7.0047

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule simd uop (54)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch simd uop (57)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)ldst uops in schedulers (5b)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map simd uop (7e)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)map simd uop inputs (81)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
602051001507010940101100062000230130100152000426690841779262104842060110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000477010340101100022000030103100032000426691791779400104854860110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000477010340101100022000030103100032000426691791779400104854860110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000477010340101100022000030103100032000426691791779400104854860110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000477010340101100022000030103100032000426691791779400104854860110302122000810004602902002810015400082000040100
602041000707010440101100032000030103100032000426691791779400104854860110302122000810004602842002810015400082000040100
602041000707010440101100032000030103100032000426691791779400104854860110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000477010340101100022000030103100032000426691791779400104854860110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000477010340101100022000030103100032000426691791779400104854860110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100
602041000477010340101100022000030103100032000426691791779400104854860110302122000810004602242000810004400012000040100

1000 unrolls and 10 iterations

Result (median cycles for code, minus 3 chain cycles): 7.0049

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule simd uop (54)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch simd uop (57)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)ldst uops in schedulers (5b)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map simd uop (7e)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)map simd uop inputs (81)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
600261001867003040018100082000430071100262044026796301783769105038061089308642050310015600442000810004400012000040010
600241000477001340011100022000030010100002000026692491779356104948960010300202000010000600202000010000400012000040010
600241000707001440011100032000030013100032000026692631779330104945160010300202000010000600202000010000400012000040010
600241000497001340011100022000030010100002000026693031779392104951160010300202000010000600202000010000400012000040010
600241000497001340011100022000030010100002000026693031779392104951160010300202000010000600202000010000400012000040010
600241000497001340011100022000030010100002002426721641781320105068060082300612002810015600202000010000400012000040010
600241000497001340011100022000030010100002000026693031779392104951160010300202000010000600202000010000400012000040010
600241000497001340011100022000030010100002000026693031779392104951160010300202000010000600202000010000400012000040010
600241000497001340011100022000030010100002000026693031779392104951160010300202000010000600202000010000400012000040010
600241000497001340011100022000030010100002000026693031779392104951160010300202000010000600202000010000400012000040010

Test 4: throughput

Count: 8

Code:

  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  ld1 { v0.4h, v1.4h }, [x6]
  mov x7, x6
  mov x8, x6
  mov x9, x6
  mov x10, x6
  mov x11, x6
  mov x12, x6
  mov x13, x6

(fused SUBS/B.cc loop)

100 unrolls and 100 iterations

Result (median cycles for code divided by count): 1.0006

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
160205801721601311011600301001600083005121881601082001600122001600121160000100
1602048004516010110116000010016000830012800121601082001600122001600121160000100
1602048004516010110116000010016000830012800121601082001600122021600702160000100
1602048005516010110116000010016000830012842441601082001600122001600121160000100
1602048006216010510116000410016000830012800821601082001600122001600121160000100
160204800811601011011600001001600083005600061601082001600122001600681160000100
1602048005316010110116000010016000830012800121601082001600122001600121160000100
1602048004516010110116000010016000830012800121601082001600122001600121160000100
1602048004516010110116000010016000830012800121601082001600122001600121160000100
1602048004516010110116000010016000830012800121601082001600122001600121160000100

1000 unrolls and 10 iterations

Result (median cycles for code divided by count): 1.0007

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule simd uop (54)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch simd uop (57)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
16002580178160045110160034100160008308001881600182016001220160000116000010
160024800511600111101600001001600003012801641600102016000020160000116000010
16002480051160011110160000100160056307998541600662016006820160000116000010
160024800511600111101600001001600003012801641600102016000020160000116000010
160024800511600111101600001001600003012801641600102016000020160000116000010
160024800511600111101600001001600003012801641600102016000020160000116000010
160024800511600111101600001001600003012801641600102016000020160000116000010
160024800511600111101600001001600003012801641600102016000020160000116000010
160024800731600111101600001001600003012811001600102016000020160000116000010
16002480051160011110160000100160056305004641600662016006820160000116000010