Apple Microarchitecture Research by Dougall Johnson

M1/A14 P-core (Firestorm): Overview | Base Instructions | SIMD and FP Instructions
M1/A14 E-core (Icestorm):  Overview | Base Instructions | SIMD and FP Instructions

LDR (register, 32-bit)

Test 1: uops

Code:

  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  mov x7, #4
  mov x8, 0

(no loop instructions)

1000 unrolls and 1 iteration

Retires: 1.000

Issues: 1.000

Integer unit issues: 0.001

Load/store unit issues: 1.000

SIMD/FP unit issues: 0.000

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch ldst uop (58)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map ldst uop (7d)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)
10056481021110201000804010001000200011000
10045501001110001000804010001000200011000
10045431001110001000804010001000200011000
10045431001110001000804010001000200011000
10045431001110001000804010001000200011000
10045431001110001000804010001000200011000
10045431001110001000804010001000200011000
10045431001110001000804010001000200011000
10045431001110001000804010001000200011000
10045431001110001000807610001000200011000

Test 2: Latency 1->2 (with chain penalty)

Chain cycles: 3

Code:

  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  eor x8, x8, x0
  eor x8, x8, x0
  add x6, x6, x8
  mov x7, #4
  mov x8, 0

(fused SUBS/B.cc loop)

100 unrolls and 100 iterations

Result (median cycles for code, minus 3 chain cycles): 4.0049

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
4020570154401083010710001301301000318594856938764010630210100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020570077401113010910002301351000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470057401033010310000301031000318596896941074010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100

1000 unrolls and 10 iterations

Result (median cycles for code, minus 3 chain cycles): 4.0042

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
4002570156400183001710001300401000318596716947384001630032100046002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002570077400213001910002300451000018603546950074001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006012220036300101000030010
4002470071400123001210000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018616506955284001030020100006002020000300031000030010

Test 3: Latency 1->3 (with chain penalty)

Chain cycles: 3

Code:

  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  eor x8, x8, x0
  eor x8, x8, x0
  add x7, x7, x8
  mov x7, #4
  mov x8, 0

(fused SUBS/B.cc loop)

100 unrolls and 100 iterations

Result (median cycles for code, minus 3 chain cycles): 4.0049

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
4020570157401083010710001301301000318594856938764010630210100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100
4020470047401033010310000301031000318595816940634010630212100046022420008300031000030100

1000 unrolls and 10 iterations

Result (median cycles for code, minus 3 chain cycles): 4.0047

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
4002570151400183001710001300401000318596716947384001630032100046002020000300031000030010
4002570087400223002010002300451000018600306948684001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002470047400133001310000300101000018596526947144001030020100006002020000300031000030010
4002570087400223002010002300451000018611346952914001030020100006019220062300171000030010

Test 4: throughput

Count: 8

Code:

  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  ldr w0, [x6, x7]
  mov x7, 8

(fused SUBS/B.cc loop)

100 unrolls and 100 iterations

Result (median cycles for code divided by count): 0.5006

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
80205403148013710180036100800083006037728010820080012200160028180000100
80204400468010110180000100800083006401968010820080012200160024180000100
80204400458010110180000100800083006401968010820080012200160024180000100
80204400458010110180000100800083006401968010820080012200160024180000100
80204400468010110180000100800083006401968010820080012200160024180000100
80204400458010110180000100800083006401968010820080012200160024180000100
80204400518010110180000100800083006402508010820080012200160024180000100
80204400458010110180000100800083006401968010820080012200160024180000100
80204400458010110180000100800083006401968010820080012200160024180000100
80204400548010110180000100800083006401968010820080012200160024180000100

1000 unrolls and 10 iterations

Result (median cycles for code divided by count): 0.5006

retire uop (01)cycle (02)schedule uop (52)schedule int uop (53)schedule ldst uop (55)dispatch int uop (56)dispatch ldst uop (58)int uops in schedulers (59)simd uops in schedulers (5a)dispatch uop (78)map int uop (7c)map ldst uop (7d)map int uop inputs (7f)map ldst uop inputs (80)? int output thing (e9)? ldst retires (ed)? int retires (ef)
80025402278004111800301080008303202628001820800122016000018000010
80024400548001111800001080000306401128001020800002016000018000010
80024400478001111800001080000306401128001020800002016000018000010
80024400478001111800001080000306401128001020800002016000018000010
80024400478001111800001080000306401128001020800002016013818000010
80024400548001111800001080000306403828001020800002016000018000010
80024400598001111800001080000306402208001020800002016000018000010
80024400568001111800001080000306402208001020800002016000018000010
80024400478001111800001080000306401128001020800002016000018000010
80024400478001111800001080000306401128001020800002016000018000010